Much of the economic value of electronic commerce comes from the automation of interactions between businesses and individuals. Game theory is a useful set of tools that can be used by designers of electronic-commerce applications in analyzing and engineering of automated agents and communication protocols. The central theoretical concept used in game theory is the Nash equilibrium. In this article, I show how the outcomes supported by a Nash equilibrium can positively be enlarged using automated negotiations.

For many individuals and organizations think example, software programs can be used to about and perform their work. Electronic commerce--the obtain cheaper prices for utilities such as basic conduct of business activities electronically telephone services. A simple program can be by digital media--is now part of installed to monitor and direct long distance everyday business. The user dials the country code, and as sharp falls in the share prices of many "dotcoms" he/she continues to dial the telephone number, since early 2000, electronic commerce is the program contacts various long distance still likely to have a major and lasting effect on providers and negotiates the best deal for its most forms of economic activities. The program can be set up to inform the Advances in web-based technologies further user about the price before the call is connected; support the growth of electronic commerce. In for example, the best rate for this call is nine particular, automation and delegation technologies--known cents a minute with no minimum charge.